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VB COM基础讲座之类的测试

发表于 2016-12-23 3399 次查看
   现在就来测试前面创建的类。

   按F5运行程序;在弹出的属性对话框中,选中"Wait for Components to Start"(启动工程时等待创建部件),然后按[OK]按钮;

   这时,类就会被激活,其他程序就可使用它的功能。

   再次运行Visual Basic另一个实例;

   创建一个新的"Standard EXE"工程;

   选择"'Project"->"References"菜单;

   浏览对话框中可引用的列表项,可以发现一些额外的组件。

   选中"Northwind"列表项;

   Northwind就是前面创建的ActiveX工程。

   单击[OK]按钮;

   现在添加一些代码来使用上述工程:

   在Form1表单中添加一个命令按钮;为命令按钮添加下列代码:

  Dim Test As Customers
   Set Test = New Customers
   MsgBox Test.CustomerID
   Set Test = Nothing

   该代码首先创建一个新的Customers对象,然后显示CustomerID信息,最后将Test对象置为Nothing,并关闭它。

   按F5键运行测试程序;

   需要说明的是,当运行时出现"invalid reference"错误提示时,肯定哪些地方有问题。这时可按下面步骤重新来一次:

   (1) 在测试工程中去掉Northwind引用;

   (2) 重新启动Northwind工程;

   (3) 在测试工程中添加Northwind引用,再运行!

   单击表单中的命令按钮;

   这时运行时可能需要几秒钟,毕竟还要做一些如数据库连接等工作。但是,除了一开始的停留外,后面的调用就快得多了。程序将显示包含"ALFKI"的消息对话框。

   关闭测试程序。

   现在,我们来看看程序背后究竟发生什么。

   将插入符移动到MsgBox Test.CustomerID这条语句上;按F9;

   该语句显示为红色,用来标记一个断点。当代码运行时,它会停留在这里。按F8将单步运行此语句,并移动到下一句代码上。

   按F5再次运行测试程序;

   单击命令按钮;

   流程将停留在MsgBox这条命令上。

   按F8,慢慢单步执行各条语句;

   将会看到系统在两个Visual Basic中来回切换,显示出不同属性的处理过程。

   结束后,关闭测试程序。

   下面再对前面的工程进行测试。这一次,我们不仅获取CustomerID的值,而且还设置这个值。

   将命令按钮的代码改为:

  Dim Test As Customers
   Set Test = New Customers
   Test.CustomerID = "KARLY"
   Test.Update
   MsgBox Test.CustomerID
   Set Test = Nothing

   该代码首先设置"CustomerID"字段,然后更新记录集,最后显示出CustomerID属性,其结果应该是设置的"KARLY"。

   假如愿意,仍然可以按F9高亮显示"Test.CustomerID =" 这条语句,然后按F8单步运行来查看其工作情况。

   至此,我们已经成功地创建并测试一个简单的基于数据库的类。但是,还没有对customerID的字符串长度作测试,如果其长度超过5个字符,看看会发生什么?

下一步,我们将扩充并改进这个数据库类。

   首先添加类的几个特征:其他的属性、一些方法甚至一两个事件。 其相应的代码如下:

  Dim WithEvents rs As Recordset
   Public Event RecordsetMove()
   Private Sub Class_Initialize()
    Set rs = New Recordset
    rs.ActiveConnection = "Provider=Microsoft." & _"Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=C:\Program Files\" & _"Microsoft Visual Studio\VB98\Nwind.mdb;" & _"Persist Security Info=False"
    rs.Open "select * from customers", , adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic
   End Sub

   Private Sub Class_Terminate()
    rs.Close
    Set rs = Nothing
   End Sub

   Public Property Get CustomerID() As String
    CustomerID = rs("CustomerID")
   End Property

   Public Property Let CustomerID(NewValue As String)
    'If the length of NewValue is greater than five
    If Len(NewValue) > 5 Then
     '... then raise an error to the program
     'using this class, by running
     'Err.Raise vbObjectError + OurErrorNumber
     Err.Raise vbObjectError + 1, "CustomerID", _"Customer ID can only be up to five " & _ "characters long!"

    Else
     '... otherwise, change the field value
     rs("CustomerID") = NewValue
    End If
   End Property
   Public Property Get CompanyName() As Variant
    CompanyName = rs("CompanyName")
   End Property

   Public Property Let CompanyName(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("CompanyName") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get ContactName() As Variant
    ContactName = rs("ContactName")
   End Property

   Public Property Let ContactName(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
     rs("ContactName") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get ContactTitle() As Variant
    ContactTitle = rs("ContactTitle")
   End Property

   Public Property Let ContactTitle(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("ContactTitle") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get Address() As Variant
    Address = rs("Address")
   End Property

   Public Property Let Address(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("Address") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get City() As Variant
    City = rs("City")
   End Property

   Public Property Let City(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("City") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get Region() As Variant
     Region = rs("Region")
   End Property

   Public Property Let Region(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("Region") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get PostalCode() As Variant
    PostalCode = rs("PostalCode")
   End Property

   Public Property Let PostalCode(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("PostalCode") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get Country() As Variant
    Country = rs("Country")
   End Property

   Public Property Let Country(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("Country") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get Phone() As Variant
   Phone = rs("Phone")
   End Property

   Public Property Let Phone(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("Phone") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Property Get Fax() As Variant
    Fax = rs("Fax")
   End Property

   Public Property Let Fax(ByVal NewValue As Variant)
    rs("Fax") = NewValue
   End Property

   Public Sub AddNew()
    rs.AddNew
   End Sub

   Public Sub Update()
    rs.Update
   End Sub

   Public Sub CancelUpdate()
    If rs.EditMode = adEditInProgress Or _rs.EditMode = adEditAdd Then
     rs.CancelUpdate
    End If
   End Sub
   Public Sub MoveNext()
    rs.MoveNext
   End Sub

   Public Sub MovePrevious()
    rs.MovePrevious
   End Sub

   Public Sub MoveFirst()
    rs.MoveFirst
   End Sub

   Public Sub MoveLast()
    rs.MoveLast
   End Sub

   Public Function FindByCustomerID(CustomerID As String) As Boolean
    'Uses the Find method to locate customers
    'with a matching CustomerID.
    'Returns True value is customer(s) found
    Dim varBookmark As Variant
    rs.MoveFirst
    rs.Find ("CustomerID='" & CustomerID & "'")
    If rs.EOF = True Then
      FindByCustomerID = False
      rs.Bookmark = varBookmark
    Else
      FindByCustomerID = True
    End If
   End Function

   Public Property Get EOF() As Boolean
   'Example of a read-only property
   No Property Lets here
   EOF = rs.EOF
   End Property
   Public Property Get BOF() As Boolean
    'Another example of a read-only property
    BOF = rs.BOF
   End Property
   Private Sub rs_MoveComplete(ByVal adReason As ADODB.EventReasonEnum, _
        ByVal pError As ADODB.Error, adStatus As ADODB.EventStatusEnum, _
        ByVal pRecordset As ADODB.Recordset)

    'Reacts to the recordset MoveComplete
    'method - raises event with each move
    RaiseEvent RecordsetMove
   End Sub

   需要说明的是:迄今为止,我们仅仅是在一个类中添加代码。当然,也可以选择"Project"->"Add Class"菜单来向工程添加多个类,而且还可利用"collections"使这些类工作在一起。但是在这里,我们仍然想用一个类来处理一个数据表。

   将上述类的代码复制并粘贴到自己的类中,下一节将讨论该程序的编译。

 

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